Welfare Economics

Workfare
Workfare - A system making income support for the unemployed conditional on their performing some form of work for which they are suitable.
Optimal Taxation
An overview of optimal taxation, its theoretical underpinnings, and its applications in various economic paradigms.
Social Cost
Comprehensive overview of 'Social Cost,' its definitions, major frameworks, and analytical perspectives in economics.
Take-Up Rate
The proportion of those entitled to a benefit who actually claim it
Arrow-Debreu Economy
A comprehensive model that demonstrates the existence of equilibrium in a competitive economy, incorporating decision-making by individual consumers and firms.
Benefits System
An overview of the benefits system, its purpose, various forms, and the economic implications.
Compensation Principle
A detailed exploration of the compensation principle, also known as the Hicks–Kaldor principle, its application in economics, and its criticisms.
Equivalent Variation
An economic metric used to gauge the welfare change regarding a price change or policy intervention by comparing the amount of income needed to achieve original utility under new circumstances.
Fundamental Theorems of Welfare Economics
An exploration of the two fundamental theorems that describe the efficiency properties of a competitive equilibrium.
Harberger triangle
A geometric representation of the economic loss of welfare caused by market failure or government failure.
Immiserizing Growth
Growth of national or regional production which actually decreases welfare.
Means-Tested Benefits - Definition and Meaning
A comprehensive overview of means-tested benefits, including definitions, analytical frameworks, comparative analysis, and related terms.
Negative Income Tax
A proposal to combine income tax payments and social security benefits into a single system.
Samuelson Rule
A fundamental principle in welfare economics that describes Pareto-efficient allocations in an economy with public goods.
Social Welfare Function
The level of welfare in an economy or society expressed as a function of economic variables.
Targeting
Making benefits available to a particular group of people identified by certain characteristics.