Production

Bottleneck
An in-depth exploration of the economic concept of bottlenecks, focusing on its definition, context, and relevance.
Staple Product
An essential product that forms the basis of an area's or country's economy, or a consistently consumed good that fulfills basic needs.
Fixed Factors
Definition and meaning of fixed factors in economics, including their role in various time horizons of production.
Cost Schedule
A systematic listing of various production costs associated with different levels of output.
Cost Minimization
The objective of an enterprise to produce its output at the lowest possible cost while maintaining the specified quality of goods or services.
Production Externality
An external effect of production that impacts others who are not directly involved in the production process.
Work in Progress
The term Work in Progress refers to materials and partially finished products that are at various stages of the production process.
Absolute Advantage
The ability to produce an output using fewer inputs than other producers.
Assembly Line
An examination of assembly line production and its implications in economics.
Average Cost
Total cost of production divided by quantity produced, combining both average fixed cost and average variable cost.
By-Product - Definition and Meaning
A comprehensive overview of the term 'by-product' in the context of economics, detailing its definition, relevance, and implications.
Capacity
The maximum output of goods and services a firm or an economy is capable of producing.
Capital Deepening
An increase in capital intensity in production, characterized by capital input growing faster than labor input.
Capital Formation
Capital formation refers to the process of adding to the stock of real productive equipment by constructing it or purchasing it from outside suppliers.
Capital Goods
Goods intended for use in the production of other goods or services.
Capital–Labour Ratio
The ratio of capital to labour employed in a process, a firm, or an industry.
Choice of Technique
The decision-making process regarding the method of production when multiple methods are possible.
Cost Function
The minimum cost of producing a given output level expressed as a function of input prices.
Costs
The value of the inputs needed to produce any good or service, measured in specific units, commonly money.
economy
The system of activity connected with the production, trade, and consumption of goods and services of a region, country, or area.
Factor Cost
An analysis of the term 'factor cost,' its definition, significance, and associated economic frameworks.
Factors of Production
A comprehensive look into the resources used in the production of goods and services, encompassing labor, capital, and land.
Firm
The basic unit of organization for productive activities, guiding the transformation of inputs into outputs.
Increasing Returns to Scale
An exploration of increasing returns to scale, defining the concept, its implications, and its role in various economic frameworks.
Input Prices
The prices at which factors of production, including fuels, materials, and intermediate products, can be obtained.
Intermediate Good - Definition and Meaning
An in-depth exploration of intermediate goods within economics, detailing their role, significance, and distinction from final goods.
Joint Production
Understanding joint production where linked processes yield different outputs, often reducing costs and leveraging economies of scope.
Joint Supply
The concept of joint supply explaining production conditions where multiple outputs are produced jointly.
Labour - Definition and Meaning
Comprehensive exploration of labour within economic contexts, its role as a factor of production, and associated sub-concepts.
Law of Diminishing Returns
An overview of the law of diminishing returns and its implications in economic theory.
marginal product
The extra output that results from a small increase in an input, formally represented by the partial derivative of a production function with respect to the input's quantity.
Mass Production
Production on a large scale, using mechanized methods to produce standardized goods.
Minimum Efficient Scale
The minimum level of any activity at which all known economies of scale have been exhausted.
Over-Capacity Working
Production levels in a firm or an industry that exceed its conventionally calculated capacity.
Product - Definition and Meaning
An exploration of the term 'product' in an economic context, covering production at various levels and related concepts.
Production
An overview of the concept of production within economics, covering its meaning, context, frameworks, comparative analysis, and related terms.
Production Possibility Frontier (PPF)
A locus of points showing the maximum outputs of goods and services possible with the available resources.
Quasi-Rent
A payment for the services of factors of production which resembles rent but is associated with past investments.
Rationalization - Definition and Meaning
Rationalization refers to the reorganization of production processes in the interest of enhancing efficiency or profits, often involving significant, non-marginal changes such as the centralization or dispersion of production facilities.
Spare Capacity
Capital equipment available but not currently needed for production, maintained to meet potential sudden demand increases or to ensure continuity during equipment breakdowns.
Technology - Definition and Meaning
The body of knowledge about materials, techniques of production, and operation of equipment, based on the application of science.
Value of the Physical Increase in Stocks and Work in Progress
The economic measure representing the part of the total increase in value of stocks and work in progress resulting from changes in their quantities, distinguishing from price revaluation changes.
Vertical Integration
The combination in one firm of two or more stages of production usually operated by separate firms.