Examination of how changes in economic variables like income, prices, and interest rates are transmitted across different sectors, regions, and countries.
The study of New Keynesian economics, its foundational concepts, analytical frameworks, and case studies.
A comprehensive look at the Solow growth model, a fundamental concept in economics explaining economic growth through capital accumulation.
Moderate and persistent inflation observed over long periods.
The effect of inflation on the real value of money and government debt denominated in money terms
An essential term in macroeconomics that aggregates consumer expenditure, government final consumption, and gross domestic capital formation without deductions for imports or capital consumption.
An unexpected shift of the supply curve to the left, indicating a reduction in the quantity supplied for any given price.
Analysis of the concept of overshooting in economic contexts.
An overview and analysis of the Consumer Price Index (CPI), its historical context, definitions, and major frameworks.
Explanation of the economic concept: Demand-Determined Output
A phenomenon in which aggregate demand in an economy outpaces aggregate supply, causing prices to increase.
The rate at which growth must occur for sustainability in the Harrod–Domar model.
Exploration of the term 'Adjustment' in economics, its definitions, applications, and contrasting perspectives.
An in-depth explanation of aggregate demand, its components, and significance in both closed and open economies.
The total amount of real goods and services that enterprises in an economy are willing to provide at any given ratio of prices to wages.
The process of summing individual values into a total value, used in various economic contexts such as aggregate demand and aggregate capital stock.
Definition and analysis of asymmetric shocks in economics
Economic mechanisms that automatically adjust to counteract economic fluctuations without the need for explicit government intervention.
Definition and detailed analysis of autonomous investment in economics.
An examination of bank runs, a situation characterized by massive withdrawals from a bank due to a loss of confidence from depositors.
A curve depicting balance of payments equilibrium in the IS–LM model.
Understanding the concept of budget deficit, its implications, measurement, and analytical frameworks.
Features of the economy that limit economic fluctuations through routine behaviour, such as tax revenues and unemployment benefits.
An overview of the term capacity utilization, its definition, historical context, and analytical frameworks.
In trade cycle theory, the maximum level of aggregate real output the economy can attain during expansion, corresponding to full employment.
The maintenance of low interest rates intended to encourage investment, particularly during recessions.
The degree of optimism that consumers have regarding the current and expected state of the economy, which influences their spending and saving decisions.
A function showing how the consumption of an individual or a country as a whole is determined.
A country with positive net foreign assets, indicating its external financial strength.
A trade agreement by which a group of countries allow free trade among themselves while maintaining a common external tariff on trade with non-members.
An exchange rate regime where a currency's value is allowed to fluctuate in response to foreign exchange market mechanisms with occasional government intervention.
Understanding the concept of a double-dip recession, its historical occurrence, and economic implications.
Definition and meaning of dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE), a class of theoretical models used in macroeconomics.
An in-depth examination of an economic depression, its historical contexts, definitions, and major frameworks.
A comprehensive overview of economic indicators, including definitions, analysis, and relevance in economic studies.
An exploration into the concept of economic shock, a term describing unexpected events that impact the economy, differentiating between permanent and transitory shocks.
Financial Soundness Indicators: Statistical measures for assessing financial system stability
A level of real gross domestic product consistent with full employment.
Comprehensive overview and analysis of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), its definitions, frameworks, and implications in economics.
Recession following a period of excess demand and inflation caused by severe fiscal and monetary restraints.
An economic concept where technological progress increases labor productivity but leaves the capital-output ratio unchanged.
A comprehensive look at hyperinflation, its definition, historical context, and its implications on the economy.
The division of total income among different recipients.
Investment in response to changes in output, typically examined at a macroeconomic level.
A detailed exploration of the inflation-adjusted budget deficit, its concepts, analysis across economic schools of thought, and contextual applications.
The economics term 'inflationary gap' refers to the excess of the actual level of economic activity over the level corresponding to the non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment, leading to increased inflation.
A comprehensive definition and exploration of the term 'Interest-Elasticity of the Demand for Money' in economics, including its implications and applications within various economic frameworks.
An economic theory focusing on the role of aggregate demand in influencing economic outcomes, developed by John Maynard Keynes in the 1930s.
Permanent terminations or temporary suspensions by a firm of the employment of all or part of its workforce.
An in-depth look at the long rate, focusing on its definition, meaning, historical context, and major analytical frameworks.
The argument that government policies should consider how decision rules of private agents change with policy changes.
The branch of econometrics that has developed tools specifically designed to analyze macroeconomic data.
An exploration of macroeconomic policy, its objectives, tools, and frameworks.
An exploration of the macroeconomic trilemma, balancing exchange rate stability, monetary policy independence, and capital market openness in an open economy.
The branch of economics that examines aggregate quantities in the economy, including total employment, production, consumption, and imports and exports.
An examination of misaligned exchange rates and their economic implications.
The rate at which an increase in money supply changes national income.
A charge levied by a central bank on deposits by commercial banks intended to prevent currency appreciation or to counter low inflation or deflation.
An integration of neoclassical microeconomics and Keynesian macroeconomics.
Growth of economic activity without any tendency to inflation of prices
An economic paradox that illustrates how an increase in the ex ante propensity to save can lead to a decrease in ex post savings and investment in a depressed economy.
A comprehensive overview of per capita real GDP, including its calculation, significance, and role in economic analysis.
An in-depth exploration of the Phillips Curve, illustrating the inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment, differences in short-run and long-run analyses, and the role of expectations.
An analysis of the theory that governments manipulate the economy for political advantage, leading to specific economic fluctuations.
An exploration of the term 'product' in an economic context, covering production at various levels and related concepts.
The theory and application of government intervention through temporary spending to stimulate economic recovery.
A theory of the business cycle attributing fluctuations to random technology shocks and emphasizing efficient responses to these shocks.
The phase of a business cycle when output and employment are moving back from their lowest point towards normal levels
Explanation and implications of rules-based policy in economics.
Exploring the economic measure known as the Sacrifice Ratio, its definitions, concepts, frameworks, and implications.
A concept in macroeconomics highlighting the short-term trade-off between inflation and unemployment
An agreement by a group of countries to closely manage exchange rates within a flexible rate system.
An overview of stabilization policy and its applications in reducing economic fluctuations.
Definition and meaning of a structural break in economics, with a focus on its occurrence in time-series models.
An extensive analysis of tight monetary policy, its historical roots, frameworks, and implications.
The impact of an increase in an individual's total wealth on their level of expenditure and saving patterns.
