Industrial Organization

Limit Pricing
A strategy wherein an incumbent firm sets a price low enough to deter new firms from entering the market.
Concentration Ratio
A measure to determine the market concentration by the sum of the market shares of a given number of the largest firms within an industry.
Stackelberg Duopoly
An economic model of duopoly where one firm acts as a leader and the other as a follower, influencing each other's strategic decisions.
Size Distribution of Firms
The measurement and analysis of firms of various sizes within an industry or economy
Batch Production
A method of production where output emerges in discrete quantities, ensuring uniform pattern and quality for specific quantities, but variable characteristics across different orders.
Exit Price
Exploration of the concept of exit price in economics, referring to the price below which firms are likely to leave an industry.
Industrial Organization
An exploration of the field of industrial organization, which studies market structure and strategic behavior of firms.
Multi-plant Firm
Definition and meaning of a firm that operates two or more plants, either as branches or through subsidiary companies.
Representative Firm - Definition and Meaning
A detailed look at the concept of a representative firm in economics, its underlying assumptions, and analytical frameworks.
Shake-out
The process of removing resources from some sector of the economy.
Structure–Conduct–Performance
An exploration of the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) paradigm in industrial organization economics.
Zaibatsu
A family-controlled vertically integrated cartel of industrial and financial business that existed in Japan before World War II.