A trader in financial markets using patterns in market variable behavior to forecast movements.
A group of Chilean economists trained at the University of Chicago, known for their role in implementing free-market reforms in Chile.
Understanding the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) and its role in futures trading.
Definition and exploration of the Chicago School of Economics and its principles
The decision-making process regarding the method of production when multiple methods are possible.
A comprehensive examination of the concept of circular flow of income in economics, detailing its meaning, mechanisms, and implications.
An in-depth look at the City of London financial district and its significance in global finance
An examination of the classical dichotomy in economic theory, exploring its fundamental meaning, historical development, and analytical frameworks.
Unemployment caused by wages being too high relative to productivity, leading to an inability of firms to profitably employ all available labor.
An act of 1914 extending federal antitrust law in the United States.
An equilibrium concept in multi-stage games where players are informed about the previous strategy choices of opponents.
A group of individuals or firms who have separate objectives but unite to adopt strategies or advocate policies. Often seen in government entities requiring support from multiple political parties.
An exploration of the Cobb–Douglas function, its historical context, definitions, and its significance in different economic frameworks
A model used to illustrate the fluctuations in the economy due to time lags in response between supply and price changes.
Understanding the coefficient of variation as a measure that expresses the standard deviation of a set of data as a percentage of its mean.
A form of longitudinal study that follows a group of individuals sharing a common characteristic or experience within a defined period, aiming to determine the effect on the group of an experience or treatment.
An exploration of the concept of 'coincidence of wants' in economics, fundamental to the function of barter systems.
A valuable article or property pledged as the security for a loan.
Collusion in economics refers to action in concert without any formal agreement, commonly observed among firms.
An analysis of economies operated by central planning
An extensive look at commercial bills, their definition, historical context, analytical frameworks, comparisons, and suggested readings.
The government policies affecting foreign trade, including tariffs, trade subsidies, quotas, and other regulations.
A payment for the services of an agent or intermediary in a transaction.
A comprehensive overview of commodities, standardized goods that are traded in bulk and whose units are interchangeable.
An agreement among producing and/or consuming countries to regulate the output and price of a particular commodity.
An overview of commodity exchanges, their historical context, major analytical frameworks, and related concepts.
A place or institution through which commodities are traded, including both spot and futures markets.
A comprehensive overview of the Commodity Price Index and its application in economic analysis
A comprehensive overview and analysis of common access resources, their characteristics, and their economic implications.
The tariff charged on trade with non-members by all countries in a customs union or common market, often referring to the external tariff of the European Union.
A comprehensive entry discussing the concept of common knowledge, its implications, and how it is utilized in economics, particularly in game theory.
An economic concept representing the collective preferences of a community in international trade theory, under specific assumptions.
An explanation of the concept of a company in the context of business organization, including its formation, legal aspects, and variations.
A detailed exploration of the concept of comparative advantage in economics.
An overview of the concept of comparative costs in economics, connecting it to comparative advantage and providing various analytical perspectives.
Analysis of compensated demand in the context of consumer behavior and utility maximization.
An economic measure quantifying the amount of additional income needed to restore an individual’s original level of utility after a change in the economic environment.
Understanding the concept and implications of competition in economics
Government policy to encourage competition, addressing both the structure of industries and the behavior of firms within them.
Understanding competitive advantage and its significance in business and economics.
Analysis of Competitive Devaluation in Economics
An overview of the concept of a competitive economy, where economic agents consider prices as given when making economic choices.
Equilibrium in an economy with competitive markets where agents maximize their objectives under constraints, and all markets clear.
The smaller firms that coexist with a dominant firm, or a small number of dominant firms, in an imperfectly competitive industry.
A system of purchasing goods or services by inviting and evaluating bids to select a supplier.
Understanding the concept of complementary goods, products or services that are often consumed together, enhancing each other's value.
The costs to a firm of complying with laws and regulations affecting the markets it trades in.
A comprehensive analysis of computable general equilibrium models and their application in economic theory.
Resolving disputes by producing an agreement acceptable to all parties.
A comprehensive overview of the concept of conditional distribution in the context of economics, including definitions, major analytical frameworks, and case studies.
The practice of making loans conditional on adopting approved adjustment programmes or policy packages, especially by the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
The observation that the preference order resulting from pairwise majority voting can be intransitive.
A federation of UK companies, primarily from the manufacturing sector, founded in 1965 that lobbies government and collects information from members on various economic policies and regulations.
Understanding Confidence Intervals in Economics
A merger between firms operating in different sectors of the economy.
An analysis of a model in oligopoly where firms form expectations about their rivals’ reactions to changes in strategy.
A group of companies or banks combining to run a project, often too large or risky for a single firm. Example: The Channel Tunnel.
Spending on goods and services primarily to display income or wealth, or to attain a certain social status.
An economics term denoting a production function or utility function with a constant elasticity of substitution between inputs.
A detailed exploration of the constant elasticity of substitution, its definitions, concepts, historical context, and analytical frameworks.
Valuing economic output using a constant set of prices over time to measure real activity
An economic condition where an equal proportional increase in all inputs leads to an equal proportional increase in outputs.
The solution of a constrained optimization problem where one or more constraints are binding, often involving maximization or minimization of an objective function.
A condition that must be satisfied for any economic activity to be feasible.
A purchaser of goods and services for personal satisfaction or household use.
Understanding the concept and dynamics of consumer borrowing in economics.
In-depth analysis and understanding of consumer debt as an economic term
Long-lived goods bought for final consumption, expected to be used over a period longer than a year. Examples include private cars, boats, and domestic items such as furniture and appliances.
Definition and meaning of Consumer Price Index (CPI)
Definition and implications of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in economics.
The excess benefit a consumer gains from purchasing a good over the amount paid for the good.
An entry that explains the concept of consumerism, focusing on its economic implications and frameworks.
The final use of goods and services by economic agents to satisfy their needs, as opposed to providing for future production.
An externality affecting the utility level of one or more individuals due to another's consumption.
A function showing how the consumption of an individual or a country as a whole is determined.
An entry explaining the term 'consumption goods' within the context of economics
An economic model illustrating the combinations of goods and services that a consumer can purchase given their budget constraint.
A structural term in the futures market where the futures price of a commodity is higher than its spot price.
A detailed exposition on the concept of a contestable market in economics, examining entry barriers, market conditions, and real-world implications.
An economic good available contingent upon specific events
A fee payable only if an activity is successful, commonly used in legal and real estate sectors.
A dictionary entry detailing the meaning and economic implications of a contingent market.
A method used to obtain an economic valuation of a non-market good such as the natural environment.
Exploring the concept of continuous compounding, where interest or future receipts are computed continuously.
An economic term explaining the concept of continuous distribution
A comprehensive overview of continuous random variables, their essential components, and their application within various economic frameworks.
An overview of the continuous time process as a stochastic process in economics.
A comprehensive overview of contracts in economics, detailing their definitions, contexts, and various frameworks.
An exploration of the locus of Pareto-efficient allocations within an exchange economy.
The study of contracts, focusing on the design of contracts to provide appropriate incentives.
Definition and meaning of contracted-out services in economics.
Understanding the concept, implications, and analytical frameworks around contractual savings.
A pension scheme in which scheme members contribute part of their salary to pension funds, typically matched by employer contributions.
A detailed examination of the concept of convergence in distribution within economics and probability theory
Definition and meaning of convex preferences in economic theory.
A comprehensive overview of cooperative game theory, including its definition, historical context, and major analytical frameworks.
A detailed overview of a cooperative society, a business entity owned and operated by its employees or customers.
