The right of tenants to continue renting as long as they meet tenancy conditions
Costs incurred in the process of selling products, such as advertisements, trade fairs, and sales personnel.
An arrangement by central banks to lend one another reserves to stabilize exchange rates and prevent speculative attacks.
An economics term referring to a firm founded and run by the state, often to engage in activities not attractive to private entrepreneurs or those involving natural monopolies.
The relationship between taxable activity and tax liability.
The real rate of return used in cost–benefit analysis by the UK government.
An overview of the economics term 'Total Cost' including definitions, analytical frameworks, and related concepts
An overview of weak convergence in the context of economics and statistics.
A UK quango providing facilities for conciliation, arbitration, and mediation in industrial disputes.
Exploring the mechanics and implications of governmental tariffs and trade controls aimed at supporting domestic farming sectors.
Definition and meaning of the term annualized growth rate, including its background, historical context, and comparative analysis.
A US federal legislative bill authorizing expenditure.
A system for settling disputes by submitting them to the judgement of a mediator acceptable to both parties.
A distribution used to approximate the true finite sample distribution of a random variable.
An overview of the term bid, including its definition and relevance in economics, particularly in relation to hostile and takeover bids.
An exploration of brand loyalty, its economic implications, and its impact on consumer behavior and market dynamics.
A detailed survey providing information on expenditures and incomes of US consumers, including individual and household characteristics.
Definition and analysis of current liabilities, their significance, and applications in economic contexts
A comprehensive guide to understanding the current-weighted, or Paasche, volume index.
Debt rescheduling is the renegotiation of the terms of debt repayment between a borrower and lender.
Explanation of the economic concept: Demand-Determined Output
A method of calculating the net present value of a stream of payments by adding the present discounted values of all net cash flows at various future dates.
The system by which different members of any society do different types of work, emphasizing specialization and efficiency.
A demand curve depicting the inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded.
A comprehensive overview of excess capacity in economics
The system by which recruitment for senior appointments in an organization is mainly by open competition.
A comprehensive overview of financial markets, their definition, and significance in the global economy.
An exploration of the concept of first-best allocations in economics, its efficiency and limitations.
An exploration of the concept and usage of forecasts in economics, including dynamic and static forecasts.
A good which is not scarce, so that its availability is not an effective constraint on economic activity.
The geometric mean is a measure of central tendency calculated as the nth root of the product of n numbers.
A graphical representation of frequencies or proportions of observations falling within specified categories or bins.
Immediate or short-term effect of an economic event before secondary adjustments.
Definition and meaning of imputed social contributions within the field of economics
An in-depth look at the definition and significance of income elasticity of demand in economics.
Understanding the concept of independent risks in economics, where the outcomes of individual projects do not influence each other.
A variable used to determine the employment of policy instruments in economics.
A comprehensive entry on the informal economy, its relevance, and implications.
A comprehensive overview of the intertemporal budget constraint in economics, encompassing its definitions, concepts, analytical frameworks, and empirical applications.
Understanding involuntary unemployment and its implications in the labor market
An economic theory stating that the price of a given asset or good will have the same price when exchange rates are accounted for.
Definition and explanation of liberal trade policy in economics
An in-depth exploration of the economic term 'marginal physical product,' its definition, applications, and relevance.
A detailed entry explaining the marginal rate of substitution, its importance, and its interpretation in economics.
Exploration and understanding of market equilibrium, where supply and demand in a market are equal at the prevailing price.
A significant review of the UK tax system chaired by economist James Meade, leading to the 1978 Meade Report.
Definition and explanation of a mint, its functions, and historical significance in the production of coinage.
A systematic rule used by a central bank to determine its choice of monetary policy.
A comprehensive examination of Moody's as a leading US credit-rating agency.
Detailed explanation and context of the term 'net exports' in economics.
Definition and analysis of non-pecuniary benefits within the context of economics, focusing on their meaning, importance, and implications.
An examination of the concept of option value in economics, including its implications for investment decisions and financial instruments.
A comprehensive overview of Pareto efficiency in economic allocation.
A comprehensive overview of pension insurance contracts, their definition, concepts, and contextual applications.
Perquisites: Payments in kind attached to jobs, such as company cars and medical insurance.
The distribution of income across individuals, measured before or after taxes and transfers, and distinct from functional income distribution.
An economic concept where rising wages lead to higher prices, and higher prices lead to further wage increases.
Government purchase of goods and services, focusing on inefficiency, corruption, and protectionism.
An external effect of production that impacts others who are not directly involved in the production process.
The act of making as much profit as possible for a business, a key assumption in economic theory.
A formal agreement between parties on the distribution of profit from a business venture.
An overview of property income, including its types and significance in the realm of economics.
The system by which land and buildings are bought and sold
An overview and in-depth analysis of public expenditure, its types, purposes, and implications in various economic theories.
An explanation of the public sector, including its scope and boundaries within the economy.
A comprehensive exploration of Purchasing Power Parity and Public Private Partnerships in economics
An overview of qualitative choice models within economics, their framework, and applications.
Rational expectations are model-consistent expectations where behaviors align with the underlying economic model.
A comprehensive entry on the concept and implications of regressive tax in economics.
Understanding the relationship between proportional changes in inputs and outputs in a productive process
An in-depth exploration of risk taking in economics, including its definitions, historical context, and various analytical frameworks.
Adjustment to correct for seasonal patterns in time-series data by estimating and removing seasonal effects in economic activity caused by natural factors, administrative measures, and social or religious traditions.
The measurement and analysis of firms of various sizes within an industry or economy
Understanding the economic concept of social opportunity cost, addressing its definition, historical context, and major frameworks.
Understanding the concept of social overhead capital and its role in economics
The value that society places on present consumption relative to future consumption.
An overview of socialism, its principles, historical implementation, and economic frameworks.
An economic concept referring to the portion of output growth in an economy that is not explained by the growth of labor or capital inputs.
Understanding the various sources from which businesses obtain their capital, including owner savings, borrowing, equity, depreciation allowances, trade credit, and government financing.
The concept of states of the world in economics, encompassing the possible future outcomes for an economy under uncertainty.
A comprehensive definition and exploration of the term 'statistic' within the field of economics.
A curve showing the amount that firms in an industry are willing to supply at each possible price.
A detailed exploration of symmetrical distribution in economics and statistics.
Explanation and analysis of tacit collusion in economics
The ratio of an index of a country’s export prices to an index of its import prices.
A socioeconomic viewpoint reconciling capitalism with central planning
Understanding the concept of trade deficit, its implications, and its role in economics.
An exploration of the vacancy rate, its significance in labor market analysis, and its connection to the Beveridge curve.
An industry where the value of output is less than that of purchased inputs, making the value added negative.
The term Work in Progress refers to materials and partially finished products that are at various stages of the production process.
Understanding the term 'yield' in the context of fixed-interest securities and its different forms such as nominal yield, running yield, yield to maturity, and more.
An exploration of the economic principle that 'bad money drives out good,' commonly known as Gresham’s Law.
The relationship between an individual's inherent abilities and their earnings potential.
The principle that tax should fall on those who can afford to pay, where tax payments increase with income or assets of taxpayers.
Loss of value of an asset, capital equipment, or property due to unforeseen changes in techniques, tastes, or circumstances.
A detailed examination of the concept of abnormal profit in economics.
