# A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Retention of excess workers by a business during a downturn in expectation of future output recovery.
A graphical representation of inequality in income distribution within a country or region.
The system by which an economy is provided with money, ensuring financial stability and economic growth.
An overview of the economic term 'monetary union', including meaning, history, and key concepts.
A broader measure of economic welfare incorporating multiple aspects beyond income per head.
A comprehensive guide to understanding occupational pensions, their types, funding mechanisms, and historical significance.
A UK system, established in 1986, allowing tax-free investments in shares and unit trusts.
The cost incurred by individuals or firms to provide goods or services, excluding external harms unless legally obligated.
An overview and detailed examination of racial discrimination in economic contexts
An examination of 'range' as an economic term including its background, historical context, and major frameworks.
A comprehensive overview of the concept of 'real terms' in economic analysis, focusing on how it helps to remove or minimize the effects of nominal changes like price variations.
The area of the US from Pittsburgh to St Louis characterized by declining heavy industries, high obsolescence, and population loss.
