An attitude or policy approach favoring control over people's actions for their perceived good.
Explanation of path dependence in economic processes and its implications.
An overview of the UK system for collecting income tax and National Insurance at the source through employers.
An in-depth analysis of the concept of pay freeze, applications in various economic frameworks, historical context, and case studies.
An overview of the pay-as-you-go pension system where current pensions are funded by current contributors.
The time period firms require to earn the cost of new equipment in profits for investment purposes, not always an economically rational investment criterion.
A comprehensive look at the concept of pay-off matrix in game theory.
PAYE (Pay As You Earn) - A taxation system where income tax is deducted directly from a person's earnings or salary.
Payment of employees in goods or services rather than money
An arrangement by two or more countries to pool their foreign exchange reserves, aiming to facilitate trade while reducing the total reserves held individually.
A list of those employed by a given firm, or the amount paid to them.
An overview of payroll tax, its implications, and economic perspectives.
